![]() Severe headaches may also arise due to overdose, withdrawal, and side-effects of certain medications. Loss of consciousness and death may also occur. Poisoning with carbon monoxide (CO), poisonous mushrooms, and poisonous plants such as the lily of the valley and the foxglove, is associated with severe headache, nausea, fatigue, chest pain, reddish skin, confusion, and hallucinations. Other accompanying signs and symptoms include confusion, nausea, shallow breathing, and constricted or dilated pupils. Severe headache associated with the use of illicit recreational drugs such as cocaine, heroin, ecstasy, and speed (amphetamines), could be a sign of intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding inside the brain). High fever, muscle aches, red eyes, and jaundice are other features of the disease. Leptospirosis is caused by drinking water that is contaminated with animal urine. Severe headache is also a symptom of water-borne infections such as leptospirosis. In some cases, itch, numbness, paralysis, and confusion may also occur. These headaches are accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. ![]() Severe headaches may occur within a few minutes to a few hours after food poisoning. Other characteristic features include tiredness, dizziness, nausea, loss of appetite and sensitivity to light. Hangovers, resulting from excessive alcohol consumption, are associated with intense and throbbing headaches. Sinusitis is caused by allergies and infections with bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Pain may also be felt in the teeth and in the back of the head. These headaches are associated with tenderness in cheeks and forehead, blocked nose, sore throat, and mild fever. Sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses) is frequently associated with severe headaches that feel like intense pressure in the head. The cause is not known since no head abnormalities can be detected with CT scans or MRI. Recurrent, throbbing, severe headaches that last for hours may occur in young and obese women. Loss of consciousness may also occur in some cases. This headache is accompanied by bleeding in the subarachnoid space in the skull (the space between the brain and its membranous cover), nausea, vomiting, neck stiffness and back pain. Rupture of a brain artery (a result of aneurysm) is characterized by a sudden severe “thunderclap” headache. However, many stroke patients do not report a headache prior or during a stroke. The headache in stroke is usually restricted to one side of the head. StrokeĪ stroke may, in rare cases, be associated with sudden headache. It can be triggered by stress, infections, antihistamine medications, certain injuries and surgeries. Glaucoma causes an increase in pressure within the eyes, resulting in sudden and severe pain in the region around eyes, blurred vision, redness and nausea. ![]() The symptoms of sudden severe headache, stiff neck, knee arthritis, muscle weakness, numbness, paralysis of facial muscles, heart palpitations, visual problems, and memory problems may arise weeks (and even years in some cases) after the initial tick bite. Lyme disease or borelliosis is caused by an untreated tick bite. Other accompanying symptoms include high fever, nausea, vomiting, back pain, leg pain, and sensitivity to light (photophobia). Meningitis and encephalitis can be caused by exposure to certain bacteria, viruses, fungi or chemicals. Severe headache that starts from the back of the head and is accompanied by stiffness in the neck is a common symptom of meningitis and encephalitis. Other associated symptoms may include fever (which may be high), vomiting, rashes, fatigue, muscular pain across the body, and sore throat. Examples of such insect-borne diseases include malaria, dengue, African sleeping sickness (trypanosomiasis), typhus, tick fever, and poliomyelitis. Sudden severe headaches are one of the symptoms in diseases caused by certain insect-bites. The headache may be only one of many symptoms present and often diagnostic investigations are necessary to confirm the exact cause. There are myriad causes of sudden severe headaches. Therefore, sudden severe headaches should be taken seriously and medical attention must be sought as soon as possible. It may even be the sign of a life-threatening condition. A severe headache, or a rapidly worsening headache that occurs suddenly could be a sign of some serious underlying condition that needs urgent treatment. The nature and location of the severe headache varies according to the cause. Sometimes a severe headache can occur suddenly.
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